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John Fitzalan
born in
1223. He was
Lord
Oswestry,
Clun, and
Arundel and
an English nobleman. He is sometimes counted as 6th Earl of Arundel
although he was never called earl during his lifetime.
He married
Maud le Boteler, daughter of
Theobald le Botiller
(Boteler) and Rohese (or Rohesia) de Verdun.
After his father's death in 1240 the Shropshire
lordships of Oswestry and Clun were in the custody of John Lestrange,
sheriff of Shropshire and member of a family long friendly with the
Fitzalans, until John Fitzalan came of age in 1244. After the death of
Hugh d'Aubigny in 1243 a quarter of Hugh's possessions, including the
castle and manor of Arundel, were awarded to Fitzalan in the right of
his mother. After he offered a relief of £1000 in May 1244 he took
possession of Arundel and the family lands in Shropshire, including the
castles at Clun, Oswestry, and Shrawardine.
John Fitzalan was a significant figure in both national politics
and those of the Welsh marches. Henry III granted him permission in July
1253 to pledge his lands for 500 marks to cover costs of accompanying
the king in Gascony. In 1255 and 1256 Fulk (IV) Fitzwarine, lord of
Whittington (just north of Oswestry), complained of attacks by
Fitzalan's men. In August 1258 his men from Clun attacked Bishops Castle
(Lydbury North), a large Shropshire manor belonging to the bishops of
Hereford. His military power was so important that in August 1257 he was
appointed captain for the custody of the march north of Montgomery, and
in March 1258 was ordered to lead his men to Chester to participate in
an expedition against Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. In 1259 he was one of eight
royal negotiators sent to Montgomery Ford to settle breaches of the
truce with Llywelyn. The latter complained in 1262 about raids on
Bromfield by Fitzalan, Roger (III) de Mortimer, and John Lestrange.
The marcher barons were a major focus of opposition to Henry III and
Fitzalan adhered to this party from late 1258. By June 1263 he and his
son John were both active
supporters of Simon de Montfort and in that month a group including
Fitzalan, Roger Clifford, Humphrey (V) de Bohun, and Hamo L'Estrange
attacked and captured the Poitevin royalist Bishop of Hereford, Peter
d'Aigueblanche. On 12th July Fitzalan seized Bishops Castle, which the
family refused to surrender for over six years. By late autumn the Lord
Edward had won Fitzalan over to the royal side; on 24th December he was
appointed as one of five keepers of the peace for Shropshire and
Staffordshire, figures whose task it was to wrest administrative control
of these counties from the baronially controlled sheriff. In January
1264 he was the eighth baron who swore to adhere to the agreement under
which the king of France would arbitrate between Henry III and his
barons. After being besieged with Earl Warenne in Rochester Castle,
Fitzalan fought in the royal army and was captured at the battle of
Lewes on 14th May. In April 1265 Montfort's government suspected his
loyalty and ordered him to surrender either his son or Arundel Castle.
After Montfort's defeat, Fitzalan was appointed on 18th April 1266 as
keeper and defender of Sussex to help the sheriff arrest disturbers of
the peace. In January 1267 he was ordered to investigate and quell
treasonous plots in Sussex. He died c.12th November 1267, having ordered
his body to be buried in Haughmond Abbey, Shropshire; his second wife
outlived him. At death John was a very wealthy man.
John and Maude
had a son:
John Fitzalan, 7th Earl of Arundel
Although Rishanger called John Fitzalan Earl of
Arundel in 1264 and some modern scholars have occasionally followed this
style, he did not apparently use this title. In 1258 he was called lord
of Arundel and in 1266 John Fitzalan de Arundel.
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